Endocrine Disruption: Evaluation of the Thyroid Receptor B Agonist and Antagonist Activity using the TR B-CALUX Transactivation Assay: Mn Metal Powder and MnCl2
This study evaluated the potential thyroid receptor beta (TRβ) agonist and antagonist activity of two Mn-containing materials, manganese chloride (MnClâ‚‚) and high-purity electrolytic manganese powder ((HPEMP), also known as Mn metal), using the TRβ-CALUX® transactivation assay in vitro.
A single valid pre-screen TRβ agonist and TRβ antagonist experiment was conducted after a solubility analysis to determine suitable top concentrations. Milli-Q water (MQ) was used as vehicle.
Both materials were tested across eight nominal concentrations from 100pm to 100 µM, noting that actual Mn exposure from Mn metal was lower due to very low water solubility. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using RealTime Glo™ assay after each TRβ agonist and antagonist experiment. No cytotoxicity was observed in the TRβ agonist or antagonist pre-screen experiments.
Overall, both MnClâ‚‚ and Mn metal were concluded negative for TRβ agonist and antagonist activity in this in vitro study.